Computers do the work primarily in the machine and we can not see, a control center that converts the information data input to output.This control center, called the central processing unit (CPU), How Computers Work is a very complex system.
Broad set of electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions.All computers, large and small, must have a central processing unit.Central processing unit consists of two parts: the control unit and arithmetic / logic unit.Each part has a specific function.
Before we discuss the control unit and arithmetic / logic unit in detail, we need to consider the data storage and its relationship with the central processing unit.Computers use two types of storage: primary and secondary storage.
CPU interacts closely with the primary storage or main memory, it refers to both instructions and data.For this reason this section will discuss the reading of memory in the context of the central processing unit.
Remember that the memory (RAM) computer stores data only temporarily, when the computer is executing the program.Secondary storage of force permanently or semi-permanent data on the number of external magnetic or optical medium.
Floppy disks and CD-ROM disk that you've seen with personal computers is a secondary storage device, as well as your hard disk.Because of the physical attributes of secondary storage devices to determine how the data held on them, we will discuss the secondary data storage and organization together in another part.
Now let us consider the components of the central processing unit Computer System How it Works.
Control Unit From the CPU control unit contains circuitry that uses electrical signals to drive the entire computer system to carry out, or execute, stored program instructions.Like an orchestra leader, the control unit does not execute program instructions; however, he directs the other parts of the system to do it.Control unit must communicate with both the arithmetic / logic unit and memory.
The Arithmetic / Logic UnitArithmetic / logic unit (ALU) contains the electronic circuits that perform all arithmetic and logical operations.Arithmetic logic unit can perform four types of arithmetic operations, or mathematical calculations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.As the name suggests, arithmetic logic units also perform logical operations.A logical operation is usually the comparison.The unit can compare the numbers, letters or special characters.
Computers can perform actions based on the results of the comparison.This is a very important capability.This by comparing the computer can say, for example, whether there are filled seats on airplanes, whether cost-customer has exceeded their credit card limits, and whether one candidate for Congress has more votes than the other.
Register: Temporary Storage Areas.
Register is a temporary storage place for instruction or data.They are not part of the memory, but they are special additional storage location that offers the advantage of speed.
Register to work under the direction of the control unit for receiving, storing, and transfer instructions or data and perform arithmetic or comparison with high-speed logic.Control unit using the data storage means store owners to register using the register-as temporary, convenient place to store what is used in the Computer System How it Works.
Memory and Storage.
Memory is also known as primary storage, main memory, internal storage, main memory, and RAM (Random Access Memory); all these terms are used interchangeably by people in the computer.Is part of computer memory that stores data and instructions to be processed.Although closely linked to the central processing unit, memory separate from it.Program instruction or data memory during the program only involves in the operation.
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Sunday, September 19, 2010
The working principle of the computer system
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